Agents

Naturally-Occurring Cathinone

• Naturally Occurring Compound from Catha Edulis (Khat) Plant

Synthetic Cathinones

• General Comments: these are typical components of bath salts, although the composition varies widely (depending on the geographic location)
• Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV): common in US bath salt preparations
• Mephedrone: common in European bath salt preparations
• Methylone: occasionally used
• Pyrovalerone Derivatives: occasionally used
• Pipradrol Derivatives: occasionally used

---

Pharmacology

• Increased Synaptic Concentrations of Dopamine, Serotonin, and Norepinephrine Neurotransmitters
  • Stimulant Effect*: similar to amphetamines
    • Less able to cross the blood-brain barrier than amphetamines (due to the presence of beta-keto group)

---

Administration

• PO

---

Adverse Effects

Toxicologic Adverse Effects

• Serotonin Syndrome (see Serotonin Syndrome, [[Serotonin Syndrome]])

Other Adverse Effects

• xxx

---

References

• Serotonin syndrome associated with MDPV use: a case report. Ann Emerg Med. 2012 Jul;60(1):100-2 [MEDLINE]