Agents
Naturally-Occurring Cathinone
- Naturally Occurring Compound from Catha Edulis (Khat) Plant
Synthetic Cathinones
- General Comments: these are typical components of bath salts, although the composition varies widely (depending on the geographic location)
- Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV): common in US bath salt preparations
- Mephedrone: common in European bath salt preparations
- Methylone: occasionally used
- Pyrovalerone Derivatives: occasionally used
- Pipradrol Derivatives: occasionally used
Pharmacology
- Increased Synaptic Concentrations of Dopamine, Serotonin, and Norepinephrine Neurotransmitters
- Stimulant Effect*: similar to amphetamines
- Less able to cross the blood-brain barrier than amphetamines (due to the presence of beta-keto group)
- Stimulant Effect*: similar to amphetamines
Administration
- PO
Adverse Effects
Toxicologic Adverse Effects
- Serotonin Syndrome (see Serotonin Syndrome, [[Serotonin Syndrome]])
Other Adverse Effects
- xxx
References
- Serotonin syndrome associated with MDPV use: a case report. Ann Emerg Med. 2012 Jul;60(1):100-2 [MEDLINE]