Etiology
- Plastic/Rubber Textile/Resin Manufacturing: inhalational exposure
- Used as a substrate in the production of acrylate polymers and acrylic acid
- Herbicide
- Slimicide
- Smoke Inhalation (see Smoke Inhalation): inhalational exposure
- Formed during combustion of organic materials, in cigarette smoke, and from combustion of overheated cooking oil
- Metabolite of Cyclophosphamide (see Cyclophosphamide): IV exposure
Physiology
- Highly Electrophilic Reactive Aldehyde
- Low Dose: inhibition of cell proliferation (without causing cell death) and enhancement of apoptosis from secondary toxins
- High Dose: cell death ensues
- Mechanism of Inahaltional Injury: direct irritation of mucous membranes and skin
Clinical
Pulmonary Manifestations
Extraplumonary Manifestations
- Contact Dermatitis
- Ocular Irritation
References
- Acute pulmonary toxicity of acrolein in rats-underlying mechanism. Toxicology Letters
Volume 104, Issue 3, 22 February 1999, Pages 189–194
- The effects of acrolein exposure on pulmonary antibacterial defenses. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Volume 67, Issue 1, January 1983, Pages 49–54
- The Molecular Effects of Acrolein. Toxicol. Sci. (2000) 57 (1): 6-15
- Synthetic smoke with acrolein but not HCl produces pulmonary edema. Journal of Applied Physiology March 1988 vol. 64 no. 3 1121-1133