Etiology

Predominantly osteoblastic

Prostate
Carcinoid
Small cell lung cancer
Hodgkin lymphoma
Medulloblastoma
POEMS syndrome

Predominantly osteolytic

Renal cell cancer
Melanoma
Multiple myeloma
Non-small cell lung cancer
Thyroid cancer
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Mixed osteoblastic and osteolytic

Breast cancer
Gastrointestinal cancers
Squamous cancers at most primary sites

• These represent the most common patterns of metastatic involvement; individual variations may occur.

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References

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