Tetrabenazine (Nitoman, Xenazine)
Indications
Huntington Disease with Chorea (see Huntington Disease)
General Comments
Clinical Efficacy
General Comments
Clinical Efficacy
General Comments
Clinical Efficacy
General Comments
Clinical Efficacy
Contraindications
- Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia (see xxxx)
Pharmacology
- Central Monoamine-Depleting Agent
- Depletes Presynaptic Dopamine Stores
Metabolism
Administration
Dose Adjustment
Use in Pregnancy (see Pregnancy)
Use in Lactation
Adverse Effects
General Comments
- Adverse Effects Listed Here Have Been Reported in Adults Treated with Tetrabenazine for Chorea Due to Huntington Disease
- Many Adverse Effects Listed Here are Dose-Related (and May Decrease at Lower Doses)
Cardiovascular Adverse Effects
- Orthostatic Hypotension (see xxxx)
- QT Prolongation (see Torsade)
- Pharmacology: minimal prolongation of Q-T interval when used alone (although may be additive when used with other agents with Q-T prolonging effects)
Endocrinologic Adverse Effects
Gastrointestinal Adverse Effects
- Anorexia (see Anorexia): occurs in 4% of cases
- Diarrhea (see xxxx): occurs in 2% of cases
- Dysphagia/Esophageal Dysmotility (see Dysphagia): occurs in 4-10% of cases
- May Increase the Risk of Aspiration
- Nausea/Vomiting (see Nausea and Vomiting): nausea occurs in 13% of cases, vomiting occurs in 6% of cases
Neurologic Adverse Effects
- Akathisia (see xxxx): occurs in 19-20% of cases
- Anxiety (see xxxx): occurs in 15% of cases
- Central Nervous System Depression
- Drowsiness: occurs in 17-57% of cases
- Depression/Suicidal Ideation (see Depression): occurs in 19-35% of cases
- Dizziness (see Dizziness): occurs on 4% of cases
- Dysarthria (see Dysarthria): occurs in 4% of cases
- Equilibrium Distrubance: occurs in 9% of cases
- Extrapyramidal Symptoms (see Extrapyramidal Symptoms): overall, occur in 15-33% of cases
- Drug-Induced Parkinsonism (see Parkinsonism): overall, occurs in 3-10% of cases
- Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) (see Tardive Dyskinesia, [[Tardive Dyskinesia]]): may occur in some cases
- Falls: occurs in 15% of cases
- Fatigue (see Fatigue): occurs in 22% of cases
- Gait Disturbance: occurs in 4% of cases
- Headache (see Headache): occurs in 4% of cases
- Insomnia (see Insomnia): occurs on 22% of cases
- Irritability: occurs in 9% of cases
- Obsessive Rumination: occurs in 4% of cases
Ophthalmologic Adverse Effects
- Ophthalmic Effects: binds to melanin-containing tissues in animal studies
Renal Adverse Effects
- Dysuria (see xxxx): occurs in 4% of cases
Respiratory Adverse Effects
- Bronchitis (see xxxx): occurs in 4% of cases
- Dyspnea (see xxxx): occurs in 4% of cases
- Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URI): occurs in 11% of cases
Other
References