Acinetobacter (see Acinetobacter, [[Acinetobacter]])
Family Enterobacteriaceae (colloquially termed “enteric bacteria”): including those that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPC’s), and/or AmpC ß-lactamases
Complicated Urinary Tract Infection: non-inferior to standard carbapenem therapy
Hospitalized Patients with Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infection: RECLAIM-1 Trial (Phase III) + RECLAIM-2 Trial (Phase III): Ceftazidime + Avibactam used in combination with Metronidazole demonstrated non-inferiority to Meropenem -> endpoint: clinical cure rate at 28-35 days after randomization
Chemical structure of avibactam resembles portions of the cephem bicyclic ring system -> avibactam binds covalently to β-lactamases
Avibactam significantly improves the activity of ceftazidime versus most species of Enterobacteriaceae (depending on the presence or absence of β-lactamase enzyme)
Avibactam significantly improves the activity of ceftazidime versus Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Limited data suggest that avibactam does not improve the activity of ceftazidime versus Acinetobacter or most anaerobic bacteria (with the exception of Bacteroides Fragilis, Clostridium Perfringens, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas)
Little is known about the potential for avibactam to select for resistance
