Agents

Dihydropyridines

• Amlodipine (Norvasc) (see Amlodipine)
• Felodipine (Plendil) (see Felodipine)
• Isradipine (DynaCirc, Prescal) (see Isradipine)
• Nicardipine (Cardene) (see Nicardipine)
• Nifedipine (Procardia) (see Nifedipine)
• Nimodipine (Nimotop) (see Nimodipine)

Non-Dihydropyridines

Benzothiazepine

• Diltiazem (Cardizem) (see Diltiazem)

Phenylalkylamines

• Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, Verelan, Verelan PM, Bosoptin, Covera-HS) (see Verapamil)

---

Pharmacology

• Calcium Channel Blockade

---

Adverse Effects

Cardiovascular Adverse Effects

Atrioventricular Heart Blocks

• First Degree Atrioventricular Block (First Degree Heart Block) (see First Degree Atrioventricular Block)
• Second Degree Atrioventricular Block-Mobitz Type I (Wenckebach) (see Second Degree Atrioventricular Block-Mobitz Type I)
• Second Degree Atrioventricular Block-Mobitz Type II (see Second Degree Atrioventricular Block-Mobitz Type II)
• Third Degree Atrioventricular Block (Third Degree Heart Block, Complete Heart Block) (see Third Degree Atrioventricular Block)

Sinus Bradycardia (see Sinus Bradycardia)

• Physiology:

Hypotension (see Hypotension)

• Physiology: class effect (common to all calcium channel blockers)

Other Adverse Effects

• xxxx
• xxxx
• xxxx

---

Calcium Channel Blocker Intoxication

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis
  • xxx

Clinical Manifestations

• Sinus Bradycardia (see Sinus Bradycardia)
• Heart Block
  • xxx
• Hypotension (see Hypotension): syncope, dizziness

Treatment

• Calcium IV

---

References

• xxxx