Taxonomy

• Family Enterobacteriaceae (colloquially termed “enteric bacteria”)

Organisms

• Citrobacter (see Citrobacter, Citrobacter)
• Cronobacter
• Enterobacter (see Enterobacter, Enterobacter)
• Escherichia Coli (see Escherichia Coli, Escherichia Coli): aerobic GNR
• Hafnia
• Klebsiella (see Klebsiella, Klebsiella): aerobic GNR
• Pantoea
• Plesiomonas
• Proteus (see Proteus, Proteus)
• Raoultella
• Salmonella (see Salmonella, Salmonella)
• Serratia (see Serratia, Serratia)
• Shigella (see Shigella, Shigella)
• Yersinia (see Yersinia, Yersinia)

Microbiology

Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)

• Incidence: 2.93 cases/100k population [MEDLINE]
• Organisms [MEDLINE]
  • Carbapenem-Resistant (Excluding Ertapenem)/Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia Coli (see Escherichia Coli, Escherichia Coli)
  • Carbapenem-Resistant (Excluding Ertapenem)/Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacter Aerogenes (see Enterobacter Aerogenes, Enterobacter Aerogenes)
  • Carbapenem-Resistant (Excluding Ertapenem)/Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacter Cloacae Complex (see Enterobacter Cloacae, Enterobacter Cloacae)
  • Carbapenem-Resistant (Excluding Ertapenem)/Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae (see Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Klebsiella Pneumoniae)
  • Carbapenem-Resistant (Excluding Ertapenem)/Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Klebsiella Oxytoca (see Klebsiella Oxytoca, Klebsiella Oxytoca)*
• Clinical Associations
  • Most CRE’s were isolated from a urinary source
  • Most CRE’s were associated with high prevalence of prior hospitalizations, prior indwelling devices, or discharge to a long-term care setting

References

• Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in 7 US Communities, 2012-2013. JAMA. 2015 Oct 5:1479-1487. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.12480 [MEDLINE]