Epidemiology

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Etiology

Primary gastrointestinal mucosal diseases (typically ulcerative/erosive) include the following

• Clostridium Difficile Colitis (see Clostridium Difficile, [[Clostridium Difficile]])
• Erosions or ulcerations of the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum
• Regional enteritis
• Graft versus host disease
• Mucosal-based neoplasia
• Carcinoid syndrome
• Idiopathic ulcerative jejunoileitis
• Amyloidosis
• Kaposi sarcoma
• Protein dyscrasia
• Ulcerative colitis
• Neurofibromatosis (see Neurofibromatosis, [[Neurofibromatosis]])
• Cytomegalovirus infection

Increased interstitial pressure or lymphatic obstruction leading to Protein Loss

• Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) (see Congestive Heart Failure, [[Congestive Heart Failure]])
• Constrictive Pericarditis (see Constrictive Pericarditis, [[Constrictive Pericarditis]])
• Intestinal Endometriosis (see Endometriosis, [[Endometriosis]])
• Intestinal Lymphangiectasia
• Lymphoenteric Fistula
• Lymphoma (see Lymphoma, [[Lymphoma]])
• Retroperitoneal Fibrosis (see xxxx, [[]])
• Sarcoidosis (see Sarcoidosis, [[Sarcoidosis]]
• Tuberculosis (see Tuberculosis, [[Tuberculosis]])
• Whipple Disease (see Whipple Disease, [[Whipple Disease]])

Non-Erosive Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases

• Burns (see Burns, [[Burns]])
• Whipple disease
• Connective tissue disorders
• Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
• Enteropathy, such as angioedema (idiopathic or hereditary) and Henoch-Schönlein purpura
• Celiac sprue
• Tropical sprue
• Allergic gastroenteritis
• Eosinophilic gastroenteritis
• Giant hypertrophic gastritis (Ménétrier disease)
• Bacterial overgrowth
• Intestinal parasites
• Microscopic colitis
• Dientamoeba fragilis

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Physiology

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Diagnosis

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Clinical Manifestations

Other Manifestations

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Treatment

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References

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