Panhypopituitarism
Etiology
Hypothalamic Disease
- Craniopharyngioma: arising from hypothalamus
- Hypothalamic Metastases
- Ischemic Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) (see Ischemic Cerebrovascular Accident, [[Ischemic Cerebrovascular Accident]])
- Epidemiology: uncommon etiology of panhypopituitarism
- Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (see Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, [[Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis]])
- Meningitis (see Meningitis, [[Meningitis]]): more commonly occurs in immunocompromised patients (patient’s with HIV or on high-dose corticosteroids)
- Radiation Therapy (see Radiation Therapy, [[Radiation Therapy]])
- Sarcoidosis (see Sarcoidosis, [[Sarcoidosis]])
- Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) (see Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, [[Subarachnoid Hemorrhage]])
- Epidemiology: uncommon etiology of panhypopituitarism
- Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) (see Traumatic Brain Injury, [[Traumatic Brain Injury]])
- Epidemiology: usually (but not always) associated with head trauma severe enough to fracture the skull base
Pituitary Disease
- Empty Sella Syndrome
- Genetic Pituitary Disease: due to mutations in genes encoding various transcription factors
- HESX1 Mutation
- PIT-1 Mutation
- PROP-1 Mutation
- TPIT Mutation
- Hereditary Hemochromatosis (see
- Hypophysitis
- Granulomatous Hypophysitis
- Lymphocytic Hypophysitis
- Ipilimumab (MDX-101, MDX-010, Yervoy) (see Ipilimumab, [[Ipilimumab]])
- Plasmacytic (IgG4-Associated) Hypophysitis (see Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease, [[Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease]])
- Xanthomatous Hypophysitis
- Pituitary Adenoma (see Pituitary Adenoma, [[Pituitary Adenoma]])
- Pituitary Apoplexy
- Pituitary Cyst
- Pituitary Infarction (Sheehan’s Syndrome)
- Pituitary Infection/Abscess
- Pituitary Mass Lesion
- Pituitary Metastases
- Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome
- Pituitary Surgery
- Radiation Therapy (see Radiation Therapy, [[Radiation Therapy]])
Physiology
Diagnosis
Clinical Manifestations
Cardiovascular Manifestations
Hematologic Manifestations
- Anemia (see Anemia, [[Anemia]])
Other Manifestations
Treatment
References