The acquired fistula may be a complication of cardiac or dialysis catheterization
Clinical
AV fistulas may be asymptomatic when small, but can cause high cardiac output failure if significant flow occurs through the fistula
References
Thalhammer C, et al. Postcatheterization pseudoaneurysms and arteriovenous fistulas: repair with percutaneous implantation of endovascular covered stents. Radiology 2000;214:127
Lamar R, et al. Femoral arteriovenous fistula as a complication of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. A report of five cases. Am Surg 1990;56:702
