Epidemiology

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Etiology

• AV fistulas can be congenital or acquired
• The acquired fistula may be a complication of cardiac or dialysis catheterization

Clinical

• AV fistulas may be asymptomatic when small, but can cause high cardiac output failure if significant flow occurs through the fistula

References

• Thalhammer C, et al. Postcatheterization pseudoaneurysms and arteriovenous fistulas: repair with percutaneous implantation of endovascular covered stents. Radiology 2000;214:127
• Lamar R, et al. Femoral arteriovenous fistula as a complication of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. A report of five cases. Am Surg 1990;56:702